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X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis optical absorbance, and positron annihilation methods were utilized to guage the dwelling, problems, and optical properties of BiVO4 films. DFT simulation confirmed the Zr doping induced band gap reduction when you look at the BiVO4 lattice. The Zr doping in the Bi site in BiVO4 lattice supplied notably reasonable Bi and V-based problem thickness and a higher volume diffus