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High-performance nanofiltration (NF) membranes with simultaneously improved antifouling and separation performance are of great significance for environmental water purification. In this work, a high-performance thin-film composite (TFC) NF membrane (TFC-Ca) was constructed through in-situ incorporation of calcium bicarbonate during interfacial reaction. The surface morphology and chemical structure of the TFC-Ca membrane were systematically investigated by FTIR, XPS, AFM, and SEM. The results indicated that the surface characteristics of