https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/aristolochic-
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether there are racial and ethnic disparities in opioid use for back pain treatment. In addition, we examine whether physical therapy reduces opioid use. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Back pain is a common health problem that affects most adults in their lifetime. Opioid and physical therapy are commonly used to treat back pain. While evidence indicates that there are substantial disparities in the receipt of opioids by race and
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