https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/spautin-1.htm
Fourteen patients (5.9%, ) were treated by retrograde distal approach. patients received higher contrast doses than and ( 0.01). However, patients in and received similar contrast doses. patients had the highest operative time and treatment costs followed by and then ( 0.01). Three femoral pseudoaneurysms were noted in , and 2 in . No complications were seen in . Although the operative times, costs, radiation and contrast dose are higher with retrograde arterial access, it represents a safe and effective method for the crossing of CTO