https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/Rapamycin.htm
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is an abnormal communication between the bladder and the vagina. Complex fistulae include those after failed repair attempts, radiotherapy, measuring ≥ 2 cm, located in the trigone, or with concomitant ureteric strictures or fistulae. We aimed to describe a technique for the robotic repair of a complex VVF using a vaginal cuff flap. A 56-year-old woman with a history of ovarian debulking surgery and radiotherapy underwent repair for VVF and rectovaginal fistula. In lithotomy, cystoscopy was performed for fi
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