https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/z-vad(oh)-fmk
4 ± 125.4 vs. 258.3 ± 220.4 mL; p less then 0.001). The PDQ-J score and preoperative NRS scores (NRS-BP, NRS-LP, and NRS-LN) did not differ significantly between groups. Less improvement in the NRS-BP (ΔNRS-BP) was observed in the DP group than in the IDP group (p less then 0.05). Although pain improved after surgery in both groups, IDP surgery was advantageous in minimizing bleeding and preserving posterior support elements such as the facet joints, lamina, and paraspinal muscles. These findings suggest that this may have con