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A higher infection rate occurred in pump re-implantations, as compared to primary implantations (p=0.002), and in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) as compared to other diagnoses (p=0.02). Cloxacillin as antibiotic prophylaxis correlated with a higher infection risk (p=0.005) relative to other antibiotic prophylaxis. Prolonged surgical procedure time in re-implantations correlated positively with increased catheter-associated complications (p=0.006). Complications in ITDD therapy were common, comprising catheter-, infection-, and pump-associ