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) based image segmentation approaches. Four different indices Davies-Bouldin, Xie-Beni, Dunn and β index are used for the comparison and evaluation purpose. For the GA, PSO, ACO, EMO and the proposed FEMO approach, the optimal average value of the Davies-Bouldin index is 1.833578359 (8 clusters), 1.669359475 (3 clusters), 1.623119284 (3 clusters), 1.647743907 (4 clusters) and 1.456889343 (3 clusters) respectively. It shows that the proposed approach can efficiently determine the optimal clusters. Moreover, the results of the other quanti