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Quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly being utilized as near infrared (NIR) active photothermal agents for cancer diagnosis and therapy, with the main emphasis of current research being the enhancement of photothermal conversion efficiencies. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of 2-3 nm boron quantum dots (B QDs), which demonstrated a remarkable photothermal conversion efficiency of 57% under NIR excitation. This outstanding performance can be attributed to the alteration of the electronic structure, which was a result from the distorted