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We investigated the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, in renal ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We performed unilateral renal I/R model in FXR knockout (Fxr ) and wild-type (WT) mice in vivo and a hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model in vitro. The pathways by which FXR induces apoptosis were detected using a proteome profiler array. The effects of FXR on apoptosis were evaluated using immunoblotting, TUNEL assays and flow cytometry. Compared with WT mice, Fxr mice showed improved renal function a