https://www.selleckchem.com/
Virtual Basket , Bubble Blast , and Vapor Tunnel are three laser pulse modulation technologies that modify the holmium yttrium-aluminum-garnet (HoYAG) laser pulse transmission through the creation of bubbles emerging from the fiber tip with different effects on the target stone. The primary outcome of the current study was to test the stone ablation rates for the different pulse modulation modes, Virtual Basket, Bubble Blast, and Vapor Tunnel, using different power, energy, and frequency settings. Quanta Cyber Ho 150 W , a 365 µm Precision fiber, and hard a
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