https://www.selleckchem.com/pr....oducts/Rapamycin.htm
Doxorubicin increased PD-L1 expression in vitro and in vivo, while sorafenib inhibited doxorubicin-induced PD-L1 upregulation in vitro and in vivo. Proportion of interferon-γ-secreting CD8 + T lymphocytes in tumor tissue was increased significantly when sorafenib was combined with doxorubicin, while proportion of CD4, CD8, and Tregs was not significantly changed. Extracellularsignal-regulatedkinases (ERK) pathway could be one of the key mechanisms by which doxorubicin induced upregulation of PD-L1 in Osteosarcoma cells. Combination of