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C95) of the patients required for suppressing emergence cough were determined for each group (smokers and non-smokers) using Dixon up-and-down method and isotonic regression method with a bootstrapping approach.Dixon up-and-down method revealed that the EC50 value was significantly higher in smokers (3.51 ± 0.60 ng/mL) than in non-smokers (2.71 ± 0.30 ng/mL) (P less then 0.001). In smokers and non-smokers, isotonic regression revealed EC50 to be 4.40 (83% CI, 4.17-4.58) ng/mL and 2.58 (83% CI, 2.31-2.87) ng/mL, respectively, and E